Dividends and Distribution Information
KMF does not have a Form 1099-DIV for 2010. Due to its inception
date of November 24, 2010, KMF did not pay distributions in
2010.
Tax Matters
The following discussion of federal income tax matters is based
on the advice of our counsel, Paul, Hastings, Janofsky & Walker
LLP.
This section and the discussion in our SAI is a general summary of
certain U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to us and
to an investment in our shares. This summary does not purport to be
a complete description of the income tax considerations applicable
to such an investment. For example, we have not included tax
consequences that we assume to be generally known by investors or
certain considerations that may be relevant to certain types of
holders subject to special treatment under U.S. federal income tax
laws, including stockholders subject to the alternative minimum
tax, tax-exempt organizations, insurance companies, dealers in
securities, pension plans and trusts and financial institutions.
This summary assumes that investors hold our common stock as
capital assets within the meaning of the Code. The discussion is
based upon the Code, Treasury regulations and administrative and
judicial interpretations, each as of the date of this prospectus
and all of which are subject to change, possibly retroactively,
which could affect the continuing validity of this discussion. We
have not sought and will not seek any ruling from the Internal
Revenue Service regarding this offering. This summary does not
discuss any aspects of U.S. estate or gift tax or foreign, state or
local tax. It does not discuss the special treatment under U.S.
federal income tax laws that could result if we invested in
tax-exempt securities or certain other investment assets.
A "U.S. stockholder" generally is a beneficial owner of shares of
our common stock who is for U.S. federal income tax purposes:
- a citizen or individual resident of the United States;
- a corporation or other entity treated as a corporation, for
U.S. federal income tax purposes, created or organized in or under
the laws of the United States or any State or the District of
Columbia;
- an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal
income taxation regardless of its source; or
- a trust if a court within the United States can exercise
primary supervision over its administration, and one or more United
States persons have the authority to control all of the substantial
decisions of that trust (or the trust was in existence on August
20, 1996, and validly elected to continue to be treated as a U.S.
trust).
A "Non-U.S. stockholder" is a beneficial owner of shares of our
common stock that is not a U.S. stockholder.
If a partnership (including an entity treated as a partnership for
U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds shares of our common stock,
the tax treatment of a partner in the partnershipwill generally
depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the
partnership. A prospective stockholder that is a partner of a
partnership holding shares of our common stock should consult its
tax advisers with respect to the purchase, ownership and
disposition of shares of our common stock.
Tax matters are very complicated and the tax consequences to an
investor of an investment in our shares will depend on the facts of
his, her or its particular situation. We encourage investors to
consult their own tax advisers regarding the specific consequences
of such an investment, including tax reporting requirements, the
applicability of federal, state, local and foreign tax laws,
eligibility for the benefits of any applicable tax treaty and the
effect of any possible changes in the tax laws.
We intend to qualify for the special tax treatment afforded to
RICs under SubchapterMof the Code. As long as we qualify, we (but
not our stockholders) will not be subject to federal income tax on
the part of our net ordinary income and net realized capital gains
that we distribute to our stockholders. In order to qualify as a
RIC for federal income tax purposes, we must meet three key tests,
which are described below, and be registered as a management
company under the 1940 Act at all times during each taxable year.
Failure to meet any of the quarterly tests would disqualify us from
RIC tax treatment for the entire year. However, in certain
situations we may be able to take corrective action within 30 days
of the end of a quarter, which would allow us to remain
qualified.
The Income Test.
At least 90% of our gross income in each taxable year must be
derived from dividends, interest, payments with respect to
securities loans, gains from the sale of stock or securities,
foreign currencies or other income (including gains from options,
futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to our business
of investing in such stock, securities or currencies. Net income
from a "qualified publicly traded partnership" will also be
included as qualifying income for purposes of the 90% gross income
test. A "qualified publicly traded partnership" is a publicly
traded partnership that is treated as a partnership for U.S.
federal income tax purposes and that derives less than 90% of its
gross income from the foregoing types of income. To the extent we
hold interests in entities that are taxed as grantor trusts for
Federal income tax purposes or are partnerships that are not
treated as "qualified publicly traded partnerships," the income
derived from such investments may not be treated as qualifying
income for purposes of the 90% gross income test, depending on the
underlying source of income to such partnerships or grantor
trusts.
The Diversification Tests.
We must diversify our holdings so that, at the end of each
quarter of each taxable year (i) at least 50% of the value of our
total assets is represented by cash and cash items (including
receivables), U.S. Government securities, the securities of other
RICs and other securities, with such other securities limited for
purposes of such calculation, in respect of any one issuer, to an
amount not greater than 5% of the value of our total assets and not
more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer,
and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of our total assets is
invested in (a) the securities (other than U.S. Government
securities or the securities of other RICs) of any one issuer, (b)
the securities (other than the securities of other RICs) of any two
or more issuers that we control (by owning 20% or more of their
voting power) and that are determined to be engaged in the same or
similar trades or businesses or related trades or businesses, or
(c) the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded
partnerships.We refer to these tests as the "Diversification
Tests."
The Annual Distribution Requirement.
Our deduction for dividends paid to our stockholders during the
taxable year must equal or exceed 90% of the sum of (i) our
investment company taxable income (which includes, among other
items, dividends, interest and the excess of any net short-term
capital gain over net long-term capital loss and other taxable
income, other than any net long-term capital gain, reduced by
deductible expenses) determined without regard to the deduction for
dividends paid, and (ii) our net taxexempt interest, if any (the
excess of our gross tax-exempt interest over certain disallowed
deductions). For purposes of this distribution test, we may elect
to treat as paid on the last day of the fiscal year all or part of
any distributions that we declare after the end of our taxable
year. Such distributions must be declared before the due date for
filing our tax return, including any extensions. We intend to
distribute at least annually substantially all of such income. We
will refer to this distribution requirement as the "Annual
Distribution Requirement."
Amounts not distributed on a timely basis in accordance with a
calendar year distribution requirement are subject to a
nondeductible 4% excise tax at the fund level. To avoid the tax, we
must distribute during each calendar year an amount at least equal
to the sum of (i) 98% of our ordinary income (not taking into
account any capital gain or loss) for the calendar year, (ii) 98%
of our capital gains in excess of our capital losses (adjusted for
certain ordinary losses) for the one-year period ending on November
30, the last day of our taxable year (which we intend to continue
to elect to use for this purpose), and (iii) certain undistributed
amounts from previous years on which we paid no U.S. federal income
tax. We refer to this distribution requirement as the "Excise Tax
Avoidance Requirement." While we intend to distribute any income
and capital gain in the manner necessary to minimize imposition of
the 4% excise tax, there can be no assurance that sufficient
amounts of our taxable income and capital gain will be distributed
to avoid entirely the imposition of the tax. In that event, we will
be liable for the tax only on the amount by which we do not meet
the foregoing distribution requirement.
A Distribution will be treated as paid during the calendar year
if it is paid during the calendar year or declared by us in
October, November or December of the year, payable to stockholders
of record on a date during such a month and paid by us during
January of the following year. Any such Distributions paid during
January of the following year will be deemed to be received on
December 31 of the year the Distributions are declared, rather than
when the Distributions are received.
We may be required to recognize taxable income in circumstances
in which we do not receive cash. For example, if we hold debt
obligations that are treated under applicable tax rules as having
original issue discount (such as debt instrumentswith
payment-in-kind interest or, in certain cases, increasing interest
rates or that were issued with warrants), we must include in income
each year a portion of the original issue discount that accrues
over the life of the obligation, regardless of whether cash
representing such income is received by us in the same taxable
year. Because any original issue discount accrued will be included
in our investment company taxable income for the year of accrual,
we may be required to make a Distribution to our stockholders in
order to satisfy the Annual Distribution Requirement or the Excise
Tax Avoidance Requirement, even though we will not have received
any corresponding cash amount.
Investments by us in certain "passive foreign investment
companies" ("PFICs") could subject us to federal income tax
(including interest charges) on certain distributions or
dispositions with respect to those investments which cannot be
eliminated by making Distributions to stockholders. Elections may
be available to us to mitigate the effect of this provision
provided that the PFIC complies with certain reporting
requirements, but the elections would generally function to
accelerate the recognition of income without a corresponding
receipt of cash. Dividends paid by PFICs will not qualify for the
reduced tax rates discussed above applicable to qualified dividend
income.
Equity securities issued by certain non-traded limited
partnerships (or other "pass-through" entities, such as grantor
trusts) in which we invest may not produce qualifying income for
purposes of determining our compliance with the 90% gross income
test applicable to RICs. As a result, we may form one or more
wholly owned taxable subsidiaries to make and hold certain
investments in accordance with our investment objective. The
dividends received from such taxable subsidiaries will be
qualifying income for purposes of the 90% gross income test. In
general, the amount of cash received from such wholly owned
subsidiaries will equal the amount of cash received from the
limited partnerships as reduced by income taxes paid by such
subsidiaries and other expenses.
Although we do not presently expect to do so, we are authorized
to borrow funds and to sell assets in order to satisfy Distribution
requirements. However, under the 1940 Act, we are not permitted to
make Distributions to our stockholders while our debt obligations
and other senior securities are outstanding unless certain "asset
coverage" tests are met. See "Description of Capital
Stock."Moreover, our ability to dispose of assets to meet our
Distribution requirements may be limited by other requirements
relating to our status as a RIC, including the Diversification
Tests. If we dispose of assets in order to meet the Annual
Distribution Requirement or the Excise Tax Avoidance Requirement,
we may make such dispositions at times that, from an investment
standpoint, are not advantageous.
The remainder of this discussion assumes that we qualify as a
RIC and have satisfied the Annual Distribution Requirement.
Distributions by us generally are taxable to U.S. stockholders
as ordinary income or capital gains. Distributions of our
"investment company taxable income" (which is, generally, our
ordinary income plus net short-term capital gains in excess of net
long-term capital losses) will be taxable as ordinary income to
U.S. stockholders to the extent of our current or accumulated
earnings and profits, whether paid in cash or reinvested in
additional common stock. Distributions of our net capital gains
(which is generally our net long- term capital gains in excess of
net short-term capital losses) properly designated by us as
"capital gain dividends" will be taxable to a U.S. stockholder as
long-term capital gains currently at a maximum rate of 15% in the
case of individuals, trusts or estates, regardless of the U.S.
stockholder's holding period for his, her or its common stock and
regardless of whether paid in cash or reinvested in additional
common stock. Distributions in excess of our earnings and profits
first will reduce a U.S. stockholder's adjusted tax basis in such
stockholder's common stock and, after the adjusted basis is reduced
to zero, will constitute capital gains to such U.S. stockholder.
Such capital gain will be long-term capital gain and thus, will be
taxed at a maximum rate of 15% for taxable years beginning on or
before December 31, 2010, if the Distributions are attributable to
common stock held by the U.S. stockholder for more than one year.
To the extent that Distributions paid by us are attributable to
dividends received by us from corporations, our Distributions may
be eligible for the maximum tax rate of 15% currently applicable to
qualified dividend income, or for the dividends received deduction,
in each case provided that certain holding period and other
requirements are met. The favorable rates for qualified dividend
income are currently scheduled to increase for taxable years
beginning after December 31, 2010.
Under the DRIP, a U.S. stockholder can have all cash
distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares of our
common stock. See "Distribution Reinvestment Plan." Any
Distributions reinvested under the DRIP will nevertheless remain
taxable to the U.S. stockholder. The U.S. stockholder will have an
adjusted basis in the additional common shares purchased through
the DRIP equal to the amount of the reinvested Distribution. The
additional shares will have a new holding period commencing on the
day following the day on which the shares are credited to the U.S.
stockholder's account.
Although we currently intend to distribute any long-term capital
gains at least annually, we may in the future decide to retain some
or all of our long-term capital gains, but designate the retained
amount as a "deemed distribution." We cannot, however, treat any of
our "investment company taxable income" as a "deemed distribution."
If we designate any of our retained capital gains as a deemed
distribution, among other consequences, we will pay tax on the
retained amount, each U.S. stockholder will be required to include
his, her or its share of the deemed distribution in income as if it
had been actually distributed to the U.S. stockholder, and the U.S.
stockholder will be entitled to claim a credit equal to his, her or
its allocable share of the tax paid thereon by us. The amount of
the deemed distribution net of such tax will be added to the U.S.
stockholder's tax basis for his, her or its common stock. Since we
expect to pay tax on any retained capital gains at our regular
corporate tax rate, and since that rate is in excess of the maximum
rate currently payable by individuals on long-term capital gains,
the amount of tax that individual stockholders will be treated as
having paid and for which they will receive a credit will exceed
the tax they owe on the retained net capital gain. Such excess
generally may be claimed as a credit against the U.S. stockholder's
other federal income tax obligations or may be refunded to the
extent it exceeds a stockholder's liability for federal income tax.
A stockholder that is not subject to federal income tax or
otherwise required to file a federal income tax return would be
required to file a federal income tax return on the appropriate
form in order to claim a refund for the taxes we paid. In order to
utilize the deemed distribution approach, we must provide written
notice to our stockholders prior to the expiration of 60 days after
the close of the relevant taxable year.We will be subject to
alternative minimum tax, also referred to as AMT, but any items
that are treated differently for AMT purposes must be apportioned
between us and our stockholders and this may affect the
stockholders' AMT liabilities. Although regulations explaining the
precise method of apportionment have not yet been issued, such
items will generally be apportioned in the same proportion that
dividends paid to each stockholder bear to our taxable income
(determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction), unless
a different method for a particular item is warranted under the
circumstances.
For purposes of determining (1) whether the Annual Distribution
Requirement is satisfied for any year and (2) the amount of capital
gain dividends paid for that year,we may, under certain
circumstances, elect to treat a dividend that is paid during the
following taxable year as if it had been paid during the taxable
year in question. If we make such an election, the U.S. stockholder
will still be treated as receiving the dividend in the taxable year
in which theDistribution is made. However, any dividend declared by
us in October, November or December of any calendar year, payable
to stockholders of record on a specified date in such a month and
actually paid during January of the following year, will be treated
as if it had been received by our U.S. stockholders on December 31
of the year in which the dividend was declared.
A U.S. stockholder generally will recognize taxable gain or loss
if the U.S. stockholder sells or otherwise disposes of his, her or
its shares of our common stock. Any gain arising from such sale or
disposition generally will be treated as long-term capital gain if
the stockholder has held his, her or its shares for more than one
year and such shares are held as capital assets. Otherwise, it
would be classified as short-term capital gain. However, any
capital loss arising from the sale or disposition of shares of our
common stock held for six months or less (determined by applying
the holding period rules contained in Section 852(b)(4)(C) of the
Code) will be treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of
the amount of capital gain dividends received, or undistributed
capital gain deemed received, with respect to such shares.
In addition, all or a portion of any loss recognized upon a
disposition of shares of our common stock may be disallowed if
other shares of our common stock are purchased (whether through
reinvestment of Distributions or otherwise) within 30 days before
or after the disposition.
In general, individual U.S. stockholders currently are subject
to a maximum federal income tax rate of 15% (for taxable years
beginning on or before December 31, 2010) on their net capital
gain, i.e., the excess of realized net long-term capital gain over
realized net short-term capital loss for a taxable year, including
a long-term capital gain derived from an investment in our shares.
Such rate is lower than the maximum rate on ordinary income
currently payable by individuals. The maximum federal income tax
rate on the net capital gain of individual U.S. stockholders is
currently scheduled to increase to 20% for taxable years beginning
after December 31, 2010. Corporate U.S. stockholders currently are
subject to federal income tax on net capital gain at the maximum
35% rate also applied to ordinary income. Non-corporate
stockholders with net capital losses for a year (i.e., capital
losses in excess of capital gains) generally may deduct up to
$3,000 of such losses against their ordinary income each year; any
net capital losses of a non-corporate stockholder in excess of
$3,000 generally may be carried forward and used in subsequent
years as provided in the Code. Corporate stockholders generally may
not deduct any net capital losses against ordinary income for a
year, but may carry back such losses for three years or carry
forward such losses for five years.
We will send to each of our U.S. stockholders, as promptly as
possible after the end of each calendar year, a notice detailing,
on a per share and per Distribution basis, the amounts includible
in such U.S. stockholder's taxable income for such year as ordinary
income (including the portion, if any, taxable at the lower
effective rate currently applicable to "qualified dividends") and
as long-term capital gain. In addition, the federal tax status of
each year's Distributions generally will be reported to the
Internal Revenue Service (including the amount of dividends, if
any, eligible for treatment as "qualified dividends").
Distributions may also be subject to additional state, local, and
foreign taxes depending on a U.S. stockholder's particular
situation. To the extent that Distributions paid by us are
attributable to dividends received by us from corporations,
dividends distributed by us may be eligible for the
dividends-received deduction or the preferential rate applicable to
qualified dividends, in each case provided that certain holding
period and other requirements are met. The favorable rates for
qualified dividend income are currently scheduled to increase for
taxable years beginning after December 31, 2010.
We may be required to withhold federal income tax, or backup
withholding, currently at a rate of 28% from all taxable
Distributions to any non-corporate U.S. stockholder (1) who fails
to furnish us with a correct taxpayer identification number or a
certificate that such stockholder is exempt from backup
withholding, or (2) with respect to whom notification has been
received from the IRS to the effect that such stockholder has
failed to properly report certain interest and dividend income to
the IRS and to respond to notices to that effect. An individual's
taxpayer identification number is his or her social security
number. Any amount withheld under backup withholding is allowed as
a credit against the U.S. stockholder's federal income tax
liability and may entitle such stockholder to a refund, provided
that proper information is timely provided to the IRS.
Recently-enacted legislation requires certain U.S. stockholders
who are individuals, estates or trusts to pay an additional 3.8%
tax on, among other things, dividends on and capital gains from the
sale or other disposition of stock for taxable years beginning
after December 31, 2012. U.S. stockholders should consult their tax
advisers regarding the effect, if any, of this legislation on their
ownership and disposition of our common stock.
Whether an investment in our shares is appropriate for a
Non-U.S. stockholder will depend upon that person's particular
circumstances. An investment in our shares by a Non-U.S.
stockholder may have adverse tax consequences because the interest
income and certain short-term capital gains that generally would
not be subject to tax if earned directly by a Non-U.S. stockholder
are transformed into dividends that are subject to U.S. income tax
as described below. Non-U.S. stockholders should consult their tax
advisers before investing in our common stock.
Distributions of our "investment company taxable income" to
Non-U.S. stockholders (including interest income and the excess of
net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital losses) will
generally be subject to withholding of federal tax at a 30% rate
(or lower rate provided by an applicable treaty) to the extent of
our current and accumulated earnings and profits unless the
Distributions are effectively connected with a U.S. trade or
business of the Non-U.S. stockholder, and, if an income tax treaty
applies, attributable to a permanent establishment in the United
States of the Non-U.S. stockholder. In such latter case, the
Distributions will be subject to federal income tax at the rates
applicable to U.S. persons, plus, in certain cases where the
Non-U.S. stockholder is a corporation, a branch profits tax at a
30% rate (or lower rate provided by an applicable treaty), and we
will not be required to withhold federal tax if the Non-U.S.
stockholder complies with applicable certification and disclosure
requirements. Special certification requirements apply to a
Non-U.S. stockholder that is a foreign partnership or a foreign
trust, and such entities are urged to consult their own tax
advisers.
Actual or deemed distributions of our net capital gains (i.e.,
net long-term capital gains in excess of shortterm capital losses)
to a Non-U.S. stockholder, and gains realized by a Non-U.S.
stockholder upon the sale of our common stock, will not be subject
to federal withholding tax and generally will not be subject to
federal income tax unless (a) the distributions or gains, as the
case may be, are effectively connected with a U.S. trade or
business of the Non-U.S. stockholder and, if an income tax treaty
applies, are attributable to a permanent establishment or fixed
base maintained by the Non-U.S. stockholder in the United States,
or (b) the Non-U.S. stockholder is an individual, has been present
in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable, and
certain other conditions are satisfied. In addition, gain on your
sale of our common stock will be subject to federal income tax if
we are or have been a "United States real property holding
corporation" for U.S. federal income tax purposes at any time
during the shorter of the five-year period ending on the date you
sell our common stock and your holding period for such common stock
and you held more than5%of our common stock at any time during the
five-year period preceding the disposition. Generally, a
corporation is a United States real property holding corporation if
the fair market value of its "United States real property
interests" equals or exceeds 50% of the sum of the fair market
value of its worldwide real property interests plus its other
assets used or held for use in a trade or business.
If we distribute our net capital gains in the form of deemed
rather than actual distributions (which we may do in the future), a
Non-U.S. stockholder will be entitled to a federal income tax
credit or tax refund equal to the stockholder's allocable share of
the taxwe pay on the capital gains deemed to have been distributed.
In order to obtain the refund, the Non-U.S. stockholder must obtain
a U.S. taxpayer identification number and file a federal income tax
return even if the Non-U.S. stockholder would not otherwise be
required to obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number or file a
federal income tax return. For a corporate Non-U.S. stockholder,
distributions (both actual and deemed), and gains realized upon the
sale of our common stock that are effectively connected to a U.S.
trade or business may, under certain circumstances, be subject to
an additional "branch profits tax" at a 30% rate (or at a lower
rate if provided for by an applicable treaty).
Under the DRIP, a Non-U.S. stockholder can have all cash
Distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares of our
common stock. See "Distribution Reinvestment Plan." If the
Distribution is a distribution of our "investment company taxable
income" and is not effectively connected with a U.S. trade or
business of the Non-U.S. stockholder (or, if a treaty applies, it
is not attributable to a permanent establishment or a fixed base),
the amount distributed (to the extent of our current and
accumulated earnings and profits)will be subject to withholding of
U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower rate provided by
an applicable treaty) and only the net after-tax amount will be
reinvested in our common stock. If the Distribution is effectively
connected with a U.S. trade or business or attributable to a
permanent establishment or fixed base, generally the full amount of
the Distribution will be reinvested in the DRIP and will
nevertheless be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the ordinary
income rates applicable to U.S. stockholders. The Non-U.S.
stockholder will have an adjusted basis in the additional common
shares purchased through the DRIP equal to the amount reinvested.
The additional shares will have a new holding period commencing on
the day following the day on which the shares are credited to the
Non-U.S. stockholder's account.
A Non-U.S. stockholder who is a non-resident alien individual,
and who is otherwise subject to withholding of federal tax, may be
subject to information reporting and backup withholding of federal
income tax on dividends unless the Non-U.S. stockholder provides us
or the dividend paying agent with an IRS Form W-8BEN (or an
acceptable substitute form) or otherwise meets documentary evidence
requirements for establishing that it is a Non-U.S. stockholder or
otherwise establishes an exemption from backup withholding.
Recently-enacted legislation generally imposes aU.S.withholding
tax of 30% on payments to certain foreign entities, after December
31, 2012, of U.S.-source dividends and the gross proceeds from
dispositions of stock that produces U.S.-source dividends, unless
various U.S. information reporting and due diligence requirements
that are different from, and in addition to, the beneficial owner
certification requirements described above have been satisfied.
Non-U.S. stockholders should consult their tax advisers regarding
the effect, if any, of this legislation on their ownership and sale
or disposition of our common stock.
If, in any taxable year, we fail to
qualify as a RIC, we would be taxed in the same manner as an
ordinary corporation and Distributions from earnings and profits
(as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles) to our
stockholders would not be deductible by us in computing our taxable
income. In such case, under current law Distributions to our
stockholders generally would be eligible (i) for treatment as
qualified dividend income in the case of individual stockholders
(provided that certain holding period and other requirements were
met), and (ii) for the dividends-received deduction in the case of
corporate stockholders. Distributions in excess of our current and
accumulated earnings and profits would be treated first as a return
of capital to the extent of the stockholder's tax basis, and any
remaining Distributions would be treated as a capital gain. In
addition, we could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay
substantial taxes and interest and make substantial Distributions
before requalifying as a RIC that is accorded special tax
treatment.
Tax matters are very complicated,
and the federal, state and local tax consequences of an investment
in and holding of our securities will depend on the facts of each
investor's situation. Investors are encouraged to consult their own
tax advisers regarding the specific tax consequences that may
affect them.
TAX RISKS
Investing in our securities involves certain tax risks, which are
more fully described in the section "Risk Factors-Tax Risks." in
the funds prospectus.